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A Journey into Printing
by Conrad Presione
http://www.fewprinting.com

Many splendid and elegant effects can be made using the
various printing techniques and unique processes. Each one
produces a distinct effect.

The Surface Printing process is the most widely used
process. This uses a print cylinder covered in light
weight urethane. The desired design is applied to the
cylinder or drum by removing the material around the
desired design leaving the design a raised surface. You
can print by applying ink to the raised surface and then
pressing the inked roller against the surface to be printed
on, thereby achieving a design transfer. Each color of your
design uses a different roller.

Flexographic printing is used to produce flowery, mini-
print and country patterns. You can produce very delicate
designs and tonal effects using this process. This process
is almost similar to the surface printing apart from using
print cylinders made of flexible materials, generally
rubber.

The screen printing process is mainly used to produce
special and custom-made products. It can be achieved either
in rotary or flat screens. The most common hand screens
popularly known as silk screen printing are done with the
help of flat mesh screens by holding inside the frame.
Cover up the screen area with a resist like wax that will
block all the screen openings. Please make sure the design
image area which was reproduced on the mesh screen is not
covered by the resist. Now, apply ink to the flat screen.
Push the ink along the screen surface using a rubber
squeegee. You can successfully apply ink to the design area
onto the wallcovering except those already blocked areas.
You will need one screen for each color.

The rotary screen process is used to produce bright and
solid color designs like geometrics and graphics etc. It
uses a rotary or round screen mesh cylinder. Feed the ink
inside the cylinder and onto the image area of the screen
using an internal squeegee blade. It will not run on the
rotary screen which is blocked already with resist. A
special ink is used to produce three- dimensional look of
the products. This new high speed process was invented
mainly to replace the hand screen printing.

A special process of printing called Gravure Printing uses
a photochemical processing and copper plating. Gravure can
give an almost photographic effect using the complete range
of visual effects. Color saturation runs from intense 100%
color saturation all the way down to the nearly colorless
5% saturation.

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